OBJECTIVES OF BUSINESS
Objectives of business means the purpose for which the business is established. It is generally believed that the main objective of business is to make profit and avoid loss. We do admit that profit is a driving force in undertaking any business activity but it is not the sole objective of any business. In the words of Unwick "earning of profit cannot be objective of a business any more than eating is the objective of living". A business which is hunting after profits and ignores other objectives will not be doing service to the community. We here classify the objectives of business under three heads and then examine them briefly (1) Economic objectives (2) Social Objectives ( 3) Human Objectives.
(i) Profit earning: The primary objective of business is to produce and sell goods for profit, of course, through the satisfaction of human wants. A business which does not earn profit cannot stay in the market for a longer period. The income of enterprise, therefore, must exceed expenditure over a period of time. Profit is necessary of enterprise to secure its own survival, growth and expansion. In the words of Petter F.D. Rucker "The problem of any business is not the maximization of profit but the achievement of sufficient profit to cover the risk of economic activities and thus to avoid losses". It is clear for above definition that a business enterprise should work for reasonable profit which should cover its own future risk. If the profit is made by over-charging customers, indulging in malpractices such as hoarding, black-marketing, smuggling. etc. it will be against the ethics of business. It will be regarded robbery and not a business activity.
(ii) Creating Markets
Every business tries to create customers for its products and services. The more the customers are treated, the wider will be the market for the goods and larger the profit.
(iii) Technological Improvements
The business, if it is to stay in, the market, must offset stagnation by using efficient methods of production. The creation of new products, new designs and application of new techniques of production contributes to growth, change and expansion in the economy.
Social Objectives:
The social objectives of business are gaining more and more recognition with each passing year. The main social objectives of business are as follows:-
(i) Supply of standard quality of goods
One of the social responsibilities of business is to produce goods of standard quality. If the enterprise is producing inferior, substandard and adulterated goods, it will be doing disservice to the society.
(ii) Avoidance of anti-social practices
It is not fair on the part of a business to indulge in anti-social practices such as hoarding, black marketing, smuggling, over-charginq etc., to earn profit. A reasonable profit on a legitimate business is regarded a healthy sign and considered hi/al from Islamic point of view also.
(iii) Provision of more employment.
Business provides employment to the people. It thus helps in increasing the standard of living of the members of the society.
(iv) Cooperation with the government
The business community should adopt a positive approach towards the policies of the government of the country. They should pay all taxes and dues in time to the government. All business activity should be carried within the legal frame work of the country.
Every business tries to create customers for its products and services. The more the customers are treated, the wider will be the market for the goods and larger the profit.
(iii) Technological Improvements
The business, if it is to stay in, the market, must offset stagnation by using efficient methods of production. The creation of new products, new designs and application of new techniques of production contributes to growth, change and expansion in the economy.
Social Objectives:
The social objectives of business are gaining more and more recognition with each passing year. The main social objectives of business are as follows:-
(i) Supply of standard quality of goods
One of the social responsibilities of business is to produce goods of standard quality. If the enterprise is producing inferior, substandard and adulterated goods, it will be doing disservice to the society.
(ii) Avoidance of anti-social practices
It is not fair on the part of a business to indulge in anti-social practices such as hoarding, black marketing, smuggling, over-charginq etc., to earn profit. A reasonable profit on a legitimate business is regarded a healthy sign and considered hi/al from Islamic point of view also.
(iii) Provision of more employment.
Business provides employment to the people. It thus helps in increasing the standard of living of the members of the society.
(iv) Cooperation with the government
The business community should adopt a positive approach towards the policies of the government of the country. They should pay all taxes and dues in time to the government. All business activity should be carried within the legal frame work of the country.
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